tfcoil_variables

Module containing global variables relating to the toroidal field coil systems

N_RADIAL_ARRAY = 50 module-attribute

Size of the radial distribution arrays per layers used for stress, strain and displacement distibution

CREATE_DICTS_FROM_DATACLASS = TFData module-attribute

TFData dataclass

Source code in process/data_structure/tfcoil_variables.py

@dataclass(slots=True)
class TFData:
    a_tf_coil_inboard_case: float = 0.0
    """external case area per coil (inboard leg) (m2)"""

    a_tf_coil_outboard_case: float = 0.0
    """external case area per coil (outboard leg) (m2)"""

    a_tf_turn_steel: float = 0.0
    """area of the cable conduit (m2)"""

    a_tf_wp_conductor: float = 0.0
    """Winding pack conductor area [m2]
    Does not include the area of voids and central helium channel
    """

    a_res_tf_coil_conductor: float = 0.0
    """Area of resistive conductor in resistive TF coil [m2]"""

    a_tf_turn_cable_space_no_void: float = 0.0
    """Cable space area (per turn)  [m2]
    Includes the area of voids and central helium channel
    """

    a_tf_turn_insulation: float = 0.0
    """single turn insulation area (m2)"""

    a_tf_coil_wp_turn_insulation: float = 0.0
    """winding pack turn insulation area per coil (m2)"""

    sig_tf_case_max: float = 6.0e8
    """Allowable maximum shear stress (Tresca criterion) in TF coil case (Pa)"""

    sig_tf_wp_max: float = 6.0e8
    """Allowable maximum shear stress (Tresca criterion) in TF coil conduit (Pa)"""

    a_tf_leg_outboard: float = 0.0
    """outboard TF leg area (m2)"""

    a_tf_wp_steel: float = 0.0
    """Total area of all winding pack steel (sum of each conduit steel from each turn) (m2)"""

    a_tf_wp_extra_void: float = 0.0
    """winding pack void (He coolant) area (m2)"""

    a_tf_wp_coolant_channels: float = 0.0
    """winding pack He coil area (m2)"""

    bcritsc: float = 24.0
    """upper critical field (T) for Nb3Sn superconductor at zero temperature and
    strain (`i_tf_sc_mat=4, =bc20m`)
    """

    b_tf_inboard_peak_symmetric: float = 0.0
    """mean peak field at TF coil (T)"""

    b_tf_inboard_peak_with_ripple: float = 0.0
    """peak field at TF conductor with ripple (T)"""

    casestr: float = 0.0
    """case strain"""

    dr_tf_plasma_case: float = 0.0
    """inboard TF coil case plasma side thickness (m) (calculated for stellarators)"""

    f_dr_tf_plasma_case: float = 0.05
    """inboard TF coil case plasma side thickness as a fraction of dr_tf_inboard"""

    i_f_dr_tf_plasma_case: bool = False
    """logical switch to make dr_tf_plasma_case a fraction of TF coil thickness (`f_dr_tf_plasma_case`)"""

    dx_tf_side_case_min: float = 0.0
    """inboard TF coil minimum sidewall case thickness (m) (calculated for stellarators)"""

    dx_tf_side_case_peak: float = 0.0
    """inboard TF coil peak sidewall case thickness (m) (calculated for stellarators)"""

    casths_fraction: float = 0.06
    """inboard TF coil sidewall case thickness as a fraction of dx_tf_inboard_out_toroidal"""

    tfc_sidewall_is_fraction: bool = False
    """logical switch to make dx_tf_side_case_min a fraction of TF coil thickness (`casths_fraction`)"""

    t_conductor: float = 0.0
    """Conductor (cable + steel conduit) area averaged dimension [m]"""

    dx_tf_turn_general: float = 0.0
    """TF coil turn edge length including turn insulation [m]
    If the turn is not a square (i_tf_turns_integer = 1) a squared turn of
    equivalent size is use to calculated this quantity
    If the dx_tf_turn_general is non zero, c_tf_turn is calculated
    """

    i_dx_tf_turn_general_input: bool = False
    """Boolean switch to activated when the user set the TF coil turn dimensions
    Not an input
    """

    t_turn_tf_max: float = 0.05
    """TF turn edge length including turn insulation upper limit [m]
    If the turn is not a square (i_tf_turns_integer = 1) a squared turn of
    equivalent size is use for this constraint
    constraint equation icc = 86
    """

    dx_tf_turn_cable_space_general: float = 0.0
    """TF coil superconducting cable squared/rounded dimensions [m]
    If the turn is not a square (i_tf_turns_integer = 1) a squared cable of
    equivalent size is use to calculated this quantity
    If the dx_tf_turn_cable_space_general is non zero, c_tf_turn is calculated
    """

    i_dx_tf_turn_cable_space_general_input: bool = False
    """Boolean switch to activated when the user set the TF coil cable dimensions
    Not an input
    """

    acs: float = 0.0
    """Area of space inside conductor (m2)"""

    cdtfleg: float = 0.0
    """TF outboard leg current density (A/m2) (resistive coils only)"""

    cforce: float = 0.0
    """centering force on inboard leg (per coil) (N/m)"""

    cplen: float = 0.0
    """length of TF coil inboard leg ('centrepost') (`i_tf_sup = 1`)"""

    c_tf_turn: float = 7.0e4
    """TF coil current per turn (A). (calculated for stellarators) (calculated for
    integer-turn TF coils `i_tf_turns_integer=1`) (`iteration variable 60`)
    """

    c_tf_turn_max: float = 9.0e4
    """Max TF coil current per turn [A]. (for stellarators and `i_tf_turns_integer=1`)
    (`constraint equation 77`)
    """

    den_tf_coil_case: float = 8000.0
    """density of coil case (kg/m3)"""

    dcond: list[float] = field(
        default_factory=lambda: np.array([
            6080.0,
            6080.0,
            6070.0,
            6080.0,
            6080.0,
            8500.0,
            6070.0,
            8500.0,
            8500.0,
        ])
    )
    """density of superconductor type given by i_tf_sc_mat/i_cs_superconductor/i_pf_superconductor (kg/m3)"""

    den_tf_wp_turn_insulation: float = 1800.0
    """density of conduit + ground-wall insulation (kg/m3)"""

    dia_tf_turn_coolant_channel: float = 0.005
    """diameter of central helium channel in TF winding (m)"""

    e_tf_magnetic_stored_total: float = 0.0
    """Total magnetic stored energy in the toroidal field coils (J)"""

    e_tf_magnetic_stored_total_gj: float = 0.0
    """Total magnetic stored energy in the toroidal field coils (GJ)"""

    e_tf_coil_magnetic_stored: float = 0.0
    """Stored magnetic energy in a single TF coil (J)"""

    b_crit_upper_nbti: float = 14.86
    """upper critical field of GL_nbti"""

    t_crit_nbti: float = 9.04
    """critical temperature of GL_nbti"""

    max_force_density: float = 0.0
    """Maximal (WP averaged) force density in TF coils at 1 point. (MN/m3)"""

    f_a_tf_turn_cable_copper: float = 0.69
    """copper fraction of cable conductor (TF coils)
    (iteration variable 59)
    """

    fhts: float = 0.5
    """technology adjustment factor for critical current density fit for isumat..=2
    Bi-2212 superconductor, to describe the level of technology assumed (i.e. to
    account for stress, fatigue, radiation, AC losses, joints or manufacturing
    variations; 1.0 would be very optimistic)
    """

    insstrain: float = 0.0
    """Radial strain in insulator"""

    i_tf_stress_model: int = 1
    """Switch for the TF coil stress model
    0 : Generalized plane strain formulation, Issues #977 and #991, O(n^3)
    1 : Old plane stress model (only for SC)
    2 : Axisymmetric extended plane strain, Issues #1414 and #998, O(n)
    """

    i_tf_tresca: int = 0
    """Switch for TF coil conduit Tresca stress criterion:
    0 : Tresca (no adjustment);
    1 : Tresca with CEA adjustment factors (radial+2%, vertical+60%) </UL>
    """

    i_tf_wp_geom: int = -1
    """Switch for TF WP geometry selection
    0 : Rectangular geometry
    1 : Double rectangular geometry
    2 : Trapezoidal geometry (constant lateral casing thickness)
    Default setting for backward compatibility
    if i_tf_turns_integer = 0 : Double rectangular
    if i_tf_turns_integer = 1 : Rectangular
    """

    i_tf_case_geom: int = 0
    """Switch for TF case geometry selection
    0 : Circular front case (ITER design)
    1 : Straight front case
    """

    i_tf_turns_integer: int = 0
    """Switch for TF coil integer/non-integer turns:
    0 : non-integer turns
    1 : integer turns
    """

    i_tf_sc_mat: int = 1
    """Switch for superconductor material in TF coils:
    - =1 ITER Nb3Sn critical surface model with standard
    ITER parameters
    - =2 Bi-2212 high temperature superconductor (range of
    validity T < 20K, adjusted field b < 104 T, B > 6 T)
    - =3 NbTi
    - =4 ITER Nb3Sn model with user-specified parameters
    - =5 WST Nb3Sn parameterisation
    - =6 REBCO HTS tape in CroCo strand
    - =7 Durham Ginzburg-Landau critical surface model for Nb-Ti
    - =8 Durham Ginzburg-Landau critical surface model for REBCO
    - =9 Hazelton experimental data + Zhai conceptual model for REBCO
    """

    i_tf_sup: int = 1
    """Switch for TF coil conductor model:
    - =0 copper
    - =1 superconductor
    - =2 Cryogenic aluminium
    """

    i_tf_shape: int = 0
    """Switch for TF coil toroidal shape:
    - =0  Default value : Picture frame coil for TART / PROCESS D-shape for non itart
    - =1  PROCESS D-shape : parametrise with 2 arcs
    - =2  Picture frame coils
    """

    i_tf_cond_eyoung_axial: int = 0
    """Switch for the behavior of the TF coil conductor elastic axial properties
    - =0  Young's modulus is set to zero, and the conductor is not considered
    in the stress calculation. This corresponds to the case that the
    conductor is much less stiff than the conduit, or the case that the
    conductor is prevented (isolated) from taking axial loads.
    - =1  Elastic properties are set by user input, using the variable
    `eyoung_cond_axial`
    - =2  Elastic properties are set to reasonable defaults taking into
    account the superconducting material `i_tf_sc_mat`
    """

    i_tf_cond_eyoung_trans: int = 1
    """Switch for the behavior of the elastic properties of the TF coil
    conductorin the transverse direction. Only active if
    `i_tf_cond_eyoung_axial == 2`
    - =0  Cable not potted in solder. Transverse Young's modulus set to zero.
    - =1  Cable potted in solder. If `i_tf_cond_eyoung_axial == 2`, the
    transverse Young's modulus of the conductor is equal to the axial,
    which is set to a sensible material-dependent default.
    """

    n_tf_wp_pancakes: int = 10
    """Number of pancakes in TF coil. Only used if `i_tf_turns_integer=1`"""

    n_tf_wp_layers: int = 20
    """Number of layers in TF coil. Only used if `i_tf_turns_integer=1`"""

    n_rad_per_layer: int = 100
    """Size of the arrays per layers storing the radial dependent stress
    quantities (stresses, strain displacement etc..)
    """

    i_tf_bucking: int = -1
    """Switch for TF inboard support structure design:
    Default setting for backward compatibility
    - if copper resistive TF (i_tf_sup = 0) : Free standing TF without bucking structure
    - if Superconducting TF  (i_tf_sup = 1) : Free standing TF with a steel casing
    - if aluminium  TF       (i_tf_sup = 2) : Free standing TF with a bucking structure
    Rem : the case is a bucking structure
    - =0 : Free standing TF without case/bucking cyliner (only a conductor layer)
    - =1 : Free standing TF with a case/bucking cylinder made of
    - if copper resistive     TF (i_tf_sup = 0) : used defined bucking cylinder
    - if Superconducting      TF (i_tf_sup = 1) : Steel casing
    - if aluminium resistive TF (i_tf_sup = 2) : used defined bucking cylinder
    - =2 : The TF is in contact with the CS : "bucked and wedged design"
    Fast version : thin TF-CS interface neglected in the stress calculations (3 layers)
    The CS is frictionally decoupled from the TF, does not carry axial tension
    - =3 : The TF is in contact with the CS : "bucked and wedged design"
    Full version : thin TF-CS Kapton interface introduced in the stress calculations (4 layers)
    The CS and kaptop are frictionally decoupled from the TF, do not carry
    axial tension
    """

    n_tf_graded_layers: int = 1
    """Number of layers of different stress properties in the WP. If `n_tf_graded_layers > 1`,
    a graded coil is condidered
    """

    n_tf_stress_layers: int = 0
    """Number of layers considered for the inboard TF stress calculations
    set in initial.f90 from i_tf_bucking and n_tf_graded_layers
    """

    n_tf_wp_stress_layers: int = 5
    """Maximum number of layers that can be considered in the TF coil composited/smeared
    stress analysis. This is the layers of one turn, not the entire WP.
    Default: 5. void, conductor, copper, conduit, insulation.
    """

    j_tf_bus: float = 1.25e6
    """bussing current density (A/m2)"""

    j_crit_str_tf: float = 0.0
    """j_crit_str : superconductor strand critical current density under operating
    conditions (A/m2). Necessary for the cost calculation in $/kAm
    """

    j_crit_str_0: list[float] = field(
        default_factory=lambda: np.array([
            596905475.80390120,
            1925501534.8512938,
            724544682.96063495,
            549858624.45072436,
            669284509.85818779,
            0.0,
            898964415.36996782,
            1158752995.2559297,
            865652122.9071957,
        ])
    )
    """j_crit_str_pf_0 : superconductor strand critical current density at 6 T and 4.2 K (A/m2)
    Necessary for the cost calculation in $/kAm
    """

    j_tf_wp_critical: float = 0.0
    """critical current density for winding pack (A/m2)"""

    j_tf_wp_quench_heat_max: float = 0.0
    """allowable TF coil winding pack current density, for dump temperature rise protection (A/m2)"""

    j_tf_wp: float = 0.0
    """winding pack engineering current density (A/m2)"""

    j_tf_coil_full_area: float = 0.0
    """Inboard leg mid-plane full coil area current density (A/m²)
    """

    eyoung_ins: float = 1.0e8
    """Insulator Young's modulus [Pa]. Default value (1.0D8) setup the following values
    - SC TF, eyoung_ins = 20 Gpa (default value from DDD11-2 v2 2 (2009))
    - Al TF, eyoung_ins = 2.5 GPa (Kapton polymer)
    """

    eyoung_steel: float = 2.05e11
    """Steel case Young's modulus (Pa) (default value from DDD11-2 v2 2 (2009))"""

    eyoung_cond_axial: float = 6.6e8
    """SC TF coil conductor Young's modulus in the parallel (along the wire/tape)
    direction [Pa]
    Set by user input only if `i_tf_cond_eyoung_axial == 1`; otherwise
    set by the behavior of that switch.
    """

    eyoung_cond_trans: float = 0.0
    """SC TF coil conductor Young's modulus in the transverse direction [Pa]
    Set by user input only if `i_tf_cond_eyoung_axial == 1`; otherwise
    set by the behavior of that switch.
    """

    eyoung_res_tf_buck: float = 150.0e9
    """Resistive TF magnets bucking cylinder young modulus (Pa)"""

    eyoung_copper: float = 117.0e9
    """Copper young modulus. Default value taken from wikipedia"""

    eyoung_al: float = 69.0e9
    """Aluminium young modulus.  Default value taken from wikipedia"""

    poisson_steel: float = 0.3
    """Steel Poisson's ratio, Source : https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/metals-poissons-ratio-d_1268.html"""

    poisson_copper: float = 0.35
    """Copper Poisson's ratio. Source : https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/poissons-ratio-d_1224.html"""

    poisson_al: float = 0.35
    """Aluminium Poisson's ratio.
    Source : https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/poissons-ratio-d_1224.html
    """

    poisson_ins: float = 0.34
    """Insulation Poisson's ratio. Default: Kapton.
    Source : DuPont™ Kapton® HN datasheet.
    """

    poisson_cond_axial: float = 0.3
    """SC TF coil conductor Poisson's ratio in the parallel-transverse direction"""

    poisson_cond_trans: float = 0.3
    """SC TF coil conductor Poisson's ratio in the transverse-transverse direction"""

    r_b_tf_inboard_peak: float = 0.0
    """Radius of maximum TF B-field (m)"""

    res_tf_leg: float = 0.0
    """TF coil leg resistance (ohm)"""

    toroidalgap: float = 1.0
    """Minimal distance between two toroidal coils. (m)"""

    ripple_b_tf_plasma_edge_max: float = 1.0
    """maximum allowable toroidal field ripple amplitude at plasma edge (%)"""

    ripple_b_tf_plasma_edge: float = 0.0
    """peak/average toroidal field ripple at plasma edge (%)"""

    c_tf_total: float = 0.0
    """total (summed) current in TF coils (A)"""

    radial_array: list[float] = field(default_factory=lambda: np.zeros(N_RADIAL_ARRAY))
    """Array refining the radii of the stress calculations arrays"""

    sig_tf_r: list[float] = field(default_factory=lambda: np.zeros(N_RADIAL_ARRAY))
    """TF Inboard leg radial stress in steel r distribution at mid-plane [Pa]"""

    sig_tf_t: list[float] = field(default_factory=lambda: np.zeros(N_RADIAL_ARRAY))
    """TF Inboard leg tangential stress in steel r distribution at mid-plane [Pa]"""

    deflect: list[float] = field(default_factory=lambda: np.zeros(N_RADIAL_ARRAY))
    """TF coil radial deflection (displacement) radial distribution [m]"""

    sig_tf_z: float = 0.0
    """TF Inboard leg vertical tensile stress in steel at mid-plane [Pa]"""

    sig_tf_vmises: list[float] = field(default_factory=lambda: np.zeros(N_RADIAL_ARRAY))
    """TF Inboard leg Von-Mises stress in steel r distribution at mid-plane [Pa]"""

    s_shear_tf: list[float] = field(default_factory=lambda: np.zeros(N_RADIAL_ARRAY))
    """TF Inboard leg maximum shear stress (Tresca criterion) in steel r distribution at mid-plane [Pa]"""

    sig_tf_cs_bucked: float = 0.0

    sig_tf_case: float = 0.0
    """Maximum shear stress (Tresca criterion) in TF casing steel structures (Pa)"""

    sig_tf_wp: float = 0.0

    str_cs_con_res: float = -0.005
    """Residual manufacturing strain in CS superconductor material"""

    str_pf_con_res: float = -0.005
    """Residual manufacturing strain in PF superconductor material"""

    str_tf_con_res: float = -0.005
    """Residual manufacturing strain in TF superconductor material
    If `i_str_wp == 0`, used to compute the critical surface.
    Otherwise, the self-consistent winding pack `str_wp` is used.
    """

    str_wp: float = 0.0
    """Axial (vertical) strain in the TF coil winding pack found by
    self-consistent stress/strain calculation.
    if `i_str_wp == 1`, used to compute the critical surface.
    Otherwise, the input value `str_tf_con_res` is used.
    Constrain the absolute value using `constraint equation 88`
    You can't have constraint 88 and i_str_wp = 0 at the same time
    """

    str_wp_max: float = 0.7e-2
    """Maximum allowed absolute value of the strain in the TF coil
    (`Constraint equation 88`)
    """

    i_str_wp: int = 1
    """Switch for the behavior of the TF strain used to compute
    the strain-dependent critical surface:
    - =0  str_tf_con_res is used
    - =1  str_wp is used
    """

    quench_model: str = "exponential"
    """switch for TF coil quench model (Only applies to REBCO magnet at present, issue #522):
    - ='exponential' exponential quench with constant discharge resistor
    - ='linear' quench with constant voltage
    """

    time1: float = 0
    """Time at which TF quench is detected (s)"""

    tcritsc: float = 16.0
    """critical temperature (K) for superconductor at zero field and strain (`i_tf_sc_mat=4, =tc0m`)"""

    t_tf_superconductor_quench: float = 10.0
    """fast discharge time for TF coil in event of quench (s) (`iteration variable 56`)
    For REBCO model, meaning depends on quench_model:
    - exponential quench : e-folding time (s)`
    - linear quench : discharge time (s)
    """

    a_tf_inboard_total: float = 0.0
    """Total inboard area of all TF coils (m²)"""

    len_tf_bus: float = 300.0
    """TF coil bus length (m)"""

    m_tf_bus: float = 0.0
    """TF coil bus mass (kg)"""

    tfckw: float = 0.0
    """available DC power for charging the TF coils (kW)"""

    tfcmw: float = 0.0
    """Peak power per TF power supply (MW)"""

    p_cp_resistive_mw: float = 0.0
    """Peak resistive TF coil inboard leg power (MW)"""

    p_tf_joints_resistive_mw: float = 0.0
    """TF joints resistive power losses (MW)"""

    tfcryoarea: float = 0.0
    """surface area of toroidal shells covering TF coils (m2)"""

    tficrn: float = 0.0
    """TF coil half-width - inner dr_bore (m)"""

    ind_tf_coil: float = 0.0
    """TF coil inductance (H)"""

    dx_tf_wp_insertion_gap: float = 0.01
    """TF coil WP insertion gap (m)"""

    p_tf_leg_resistive_mw: float = 0.0
    """TF coil outboard leg resistive power (MW)"""

    rho_cp: float = 0.0
    """TF coil inboard leg resistivity [Ohm-m]. If `itart=0`, this variable is the
    average resistivity over the whole magnet
    """

    rho_tf_leg: float = 0.0
    """Resistivity of a TF coil leg (Ohm-m)"""

    rho_tf_bus: float = 1.86e-8
    """Resistivity of a TF coil bus (Ohm-m). Default values is for that of GLIDCOP AL-15 (C15715) at 293K"""

    frhocp: float = 1.0
    """Centrepost resistivity enhancement factor. For `itart=0`, this factor
    is used for the whole magnet
    """

    frholeg: float = 1.0
    """Outboard legs resistivity enhancement factor. Only used for `itart=1`."""

    i_cp_joints: int = -1
    """Switch for CP demoutable joints type
    -= 0 : Clampled joints
    -= 1 : Sliding joints
    Default value (-1) choses :
    Sliding joints for resistive magnets (i_tf_sup = 0, 2)
    Clampled joints for superconducting magnets (i_tf_sup = 1)
    """

    rho_tf_joints: float = 2.5e-10
    """TF joints surfacic resistivity [ohm.m]. Feldmetal joints assumed."""

    n_tf_joints_contact: int = 6
    """Number of contact per turn"""

    n_tf_joints: int = 4
    """Number of joints
    Ex: n_tf_joints = 2 for top and bottom CP joints
    """

    th_joint_contact: float = 0.03
    """TF sliding joints contact pad width [m]"""

    p_tf_joints_resistive: float = 0.0
    """Calculated TF joints resistive power losses [W]"""

    len_tf_coil: float = 0.0
    """TF coil circumference (m)"""

    eff_tf_cryo: float = -1.0
    """TF cryoplant efficiency (compared to pefect Carnot cycle).
    Using -1 set the default value depending on magnet technology:
    - i_tf_sup = 1 : SC magnet, eff_tf_cryo = 0.13 (ITER design)
    - i_tf_sup = 2 : Cryo-aluminium, eff_tf_cryo = 0.4
    """

    n_tf_coils: float = 16.0
    """Number of TF coils (default = 50 for stellarators). Number of TF coils outer legs for ST"""

    tfocrn: float = 0.0
    """TF coil half-width - outer dr_bore (m)"""

    tfsai: float = 0.0
    """area of the inboard TF coil legs (m2)"""

    tfsao: float = 0.0
    """area of the outboard TF coil legs (m2)"""

    tftmp: float = 4.5
    """peak helium coolant temperature in TF coils and PF coils (K)"""

    dx_tf_inboard_out_toroidal: float = 1.0
    """Inboard leg toroidal thickness at outer edge (m)"""

    dx_tf_turn_insulation: float = 8e-4
    """conduit insulation thickness (m)"""

    layer_ins: float = 0.0
    """Additional insulation thickness between layers (m)"""

    dr_tf_nose_case: float = 0.3
    """inboard TF coil case outer (non-plasma side) thickness (m) (`iteration variable 57`)
    (calculated for stellarators)
    """

    dr_tf_full_midplane: float = 0.0
    """Full radial thickness of TF coil at midplane (m)"""

    dr_tf_internal_midplane: float = 0.0
    """Internal radial thickness of TF coil at midplane (m)"""

    dr_tf_wp_with_insulation: float = 0.0
    """radial thickness of winding pack (m) (`iteration variable 140`) (issue #514)"""

    dx_tf_turn_steel: float = 8e-3
    """TF coil turn steel conduit case thickness (m) (`iteration variable 58`)"""

    dx_tf_wp_insulation: float = 0.018
    """Thickness of the ground insulation layer surrounding (m)
    - Superconductor TF (`i_tf_sup == 1`) : The TF coil Winding packs
    - Resistive magnets (`i_tf_sup /= 1`) : The TF coil wedges
    Rem : Thickness calculated for stellarators.
    """

    temp_tf_superconductor_margin_min: float = 0.0
    """minimum allowable temperature margin : TF coils (K)"""

    temp_cs_superconductor_margin_min: float = 0.0
    """minimum allowable temperature margin : CS (K)"""

    tmargmin: float = 0.0
    """minimum allowable temperature margin : TFC AND CS (K)"""

    temp_margin: float = 0.0
    """temperature margin (K)"""

    temp_tf_superconductor_margin: float = 0.0
    """TF coil superconductor temperature margin (K)"""

    temp_tf_conductor_quench_max: float = 150.0
    """maximum temp during a quench for protection (K)"""

    temp_croco_quench_max: float = 200.0
    """CroCo strand: maximum permitted temp during a quench (K)"""

    temp_croco_quench: float = 0.0
    """CroCo strand: Actual temp reached during a quench (K)"""

    temp_tf_cryo: float = 4.5
    """coil temperature for cryogenic plant power calculation (K)"""

    n_tf_coil_turns: float = 0.0
    """number of turns per TF coil"""

    v_tf_coil_dump_quench_max_kv: float = 20.0
    """max voltage across TF coil during quench (kV) (`iteration variable 52`)"""

    vforce: float = 0.0
    """vertical tension on inboard leg/coil (N)"""

    f_vforce_inboard: float = 0.5
    """Fraction of the total vertical force taken by the TF inboard leg tension
    Not used for resistive `itart=1` (sliding joints)
    """

    vforce_outboard: float = 0.0
    """Vertical tension on outboard leg/coil (N)"""

    f_a_tf_turn_cable_space_extra_void: float = 0.4
    """coolant fraction of TFC 'cable' (`i_tf_sup=1`), or of TFC leg (`i_tf_ssup=0`)"""

    voltfleg: float = 0.0
    """volume of each TF coil outboard leg (m3)"""

    vtfkv: float = 0.0
    """TF coil voltage for resistive coil including bus (kV)"""

    v_tf_coil_dump_quench_kv: float = 0.0
    """voltage across a TF coil during quench (kV)"""

    m_tf_coil_case: float = 0.0
    """mass per coil of external case (kg)"""

    m_tf_coil_conductor: float = 0.0
    """TF coil conductor mass per coil (kg/coil).
    For `itart=1`, coil is return limb plus centrepost/n_tf_coils
    """

    m_tf_coil_copper: float = 0.0
    """copper mass in TF coil conductor (kg/coil).
    For `itart=1`, coil is return limb plus centrepost/n_tf_coils
    """

    whtconal: float = 0.0
    """Aluminium mass in TF coil conductor (kg/coil).
    For `itart=1`, coil is return limb plus centrepost/n_tf_coils
    """

    m_tf_coil_wp_turn_insulation: float = 0.0
    """conduit insulation mass in TF coil conductor (kg/coil)"""

    m_tf_coil_superconductor: float = 0.0
    """superconductor mass in TF coil cable (kg/coil)"""

    m_tf_wp_steel_conduit: float = 0.0
    """steel conduit mass in TF coil conductor (kg/coil)"""

    m_tf_coil_wp_insulation: float = 0.0
    """mass of ground-wall insulation layer per coil (kg/coil)"""

    m_tf_coils_total: float = 0.0
    """total mass of the TF coils (kg)"""

    dx_tf_wp_primary_toroidal: float = 0.0
    """width of first step of winding pack (m)"""

    dx_tf_wp_secondary_toroidal: float = 0.0
    """width of second step of winding pack (m)"""

    # Superconducting TF coil shape parameters;
    # the TF inner surface top half is approximated by four circular arcs.
    # Arc 1 goes through points 1 and 2 on the inner surface. Arc 2
    # goes through points 2 and 3, etc.

    dthet: list[float] = field(default_factory=lambda: np.zeros(4))
    """angle of arc i (rad)"""

    radctf: list[float] = field(default_factory=lambda: np.zeros(4))
    """radius of arc i (m)"""

    r_tf_arc: list[float] = field(default_factory=lambda: np.zeros(5))
    """x location of arc point i on surface (m)"""

    xctfc: list[float] = field(default_factory=lambda: np.zeros(4))
    """x location of arc centre i (m)"""

    z_tf_arc: list[float] = field(default_factory=lambda: np.zeros(5))
    """y location of arc point i on surface (m)"""

    yctfc: list[float] = field(default_factory=lambda: np.zeros(4))
    """y location of arc centre i (m)"""

    # New TF shape:  Horizontal and vertical radii of inside edge of TF coil
    # Arcs are numbered clockwise:
    # 1=upper inboard, 2=upper outboard, 3=lower ouboard, 4=lower inboard

    tfa: list[float] = field(default_factory=lambda: np.zeros(4))
    """Horizontal radius of inside edge of TF coil (m)"""

    tfb: list[float] = field(default_factory=lambda: np.zeros(4))
    """Vertical radius of inside edge of TF coil (m)"""

    # Quantities relating to the spherical tokamak model (itart=1)
    # (and in some cases, also to resistive TF coils, i_tf_sup=0):

    drtop: float = 0.0
    """centrepost taper maximum radius adjustment (m)"""

    dztop: float = 0.0
    """centrepost taper height adjustment (m)"""

    etapump: float = 0.8
    """centrepost coolant pump efficiency"""

    fcoolcp: float = 0.3
    """coolant fraction of TF coil inboard legs (`iteration variable 23`)"""

    f_a_tf_cool_outboard: float = 0.2
    """coolant fraction of TF coil outboard legs"""

    a_cp_cool: float = 0.0
    """Centrepost cooling area toroidal cross-section (constant over the whole CP)"""

    n_cp_coolant_channels_total: float = 0.0
    """number of centrepost coolant tubes"""

    p_cp_coolant_pump_elec: float = 0.0
    """centrepost coolant pump power (W)"""

    p_cp_resistive: float = 0.0
    """resistive power in the centrepost (itart=1) [W].
    If `itart=0`, this variable is the ressitive power on the whole magnet
    """

    p_tf_leg_resistive: float = 0.0
    """Summed resistive power in the TF coil legs [W]. Remain 0 if `itart=0`."""

    temp_cp_max: float = 473.15  # 200 C
    """maximum peak centrepost temperature (K) (`constraint equation 44`)"""

    radius_cp_coolant_channel: float = 0.005
    """average radius of coolant channel (m) (`iteration variable 69`)"""

    temp_cp_coolant_inlet: float = 313.15  # 40 C
    """centrepost coolant inlet temperature (K)"""

    dtemp_cp_coolant: float = 0.0
    """inlet / outlet TF coil coolant temperature rise (K)"""

    temp_cp_average: float = 373.15  # 100 C
    """Average temperature of centrepost called CP (K). Only used for resistive coils
    to compute the resisitive heating. Must be an iteration variable for
    ST (`itart=1`) (`iteration variable 20`)
    """

    tcpav2: float = 0.0
    """Computed centrepost average temperature (K) (for consistency)"""

    temp_tf_legs_outboard: float = -1.0
    """Average temperature of the TF outboard legs [K]. If `temp_tf_legs_outboard=-1.0`, the ouboard
    legs and CP temperatures are the same. Fixed for now, should use a contraints eq like temp_cp_average
    """

    temp_cp_peak: float = 0.0
    """peak centrepost temperature (K)"""

    vel_cp_coolant_midplane: float = 20.0
    """inlet centrepost coolant flow speed at midplane (m/s) (`iteration variable 70`)"""

    vol_cond_cp: float = 0.0
    """Exact conductor volume in the centrepost (m3)"""

    whtcp: float = 0.0
    """mass of TF coil inboard legs (kg)"""

    whttflgs: float = 0.0
    """mass of the TF coil legs (kg)"""

    cryo_cool_req: float = 0.0
    """Cryo cooling requirement at helium temp 4.5K (kW)"""

    theta1_coil: float = 45.0
    """The angle of the outboard arc forming the TF coil current center line [deg]"""

    theta1_vv: float = 1.0
    """The angle of the outboard arc forming the Vacuum Vessel current center line [deg]"""

    max_vv_stress: float = 143.0e6
    """The allowable peak maximum shear stress in the vacuum vessel due to quench and fast discharge of the TF coils [Pa]"""

    t_tf_quench_detection: float = 3.0
    """TF coil quench detection time (s). Only used for TF coil quench protection."""

    rrr_tf_cu: float = 100.0
    """TF coil copper residual-resistance-ratio (RRR). Only used for quench protection."""

    a_tf_turn: float = 0.0
    """TF coil turn area (m²)"""

    drarea: float = 0.0

    r_b_tf_inboard_peak_symmetric: float = 0.0

a_tf_coil_inboard_case = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

external case area per coil (inboard leg) (m2)

a_tf_coil_outboard_case = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

external case area per coil (outboard leg) (m2)

a_tf_turn_steel = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

area of the cable conduit (m2)

a_tf_wp_conductor = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Winding pack conductor area [m2] Does not include the area of voids and central helium channel

a_res_tf_coil_conductor = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Area of resistive conductor in resistive TF coil [m2]

a_tf_turn_cable_space_no_void = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Cable space area (per turn) [m2] Includes the area of voids and central helium channel

a_tf_turn_insulation = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

single turn insulation area (m2)

a_tf_coil_wp_turn_insulation = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

winding pack turn insulation area per coil (m2)

sig_tf_case_max = 600000000.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Allowable maximum shear stress (Tresca criterion) in TF coil case (Pa)

sig_tf_wp_max = 600000000.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Allowable maximum shear stress (Tresca criterion) in TF coil conduit (Pa)

a_tf_leg_outboard = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

outboard TF leg area (m2)

a_tf_wp_steel = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Total area of all winding pack steel (sum of each conduit steel from each turn) (m2)

a_tf_wp_extra_void = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

winding pack void (He coolant) area (m2)

a_tf_wp_coolant_channels = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

winding pack He coil area (m2)

bcritsc = 24.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

upper critical field (T) for Nb3Sn superconductor at zero temperature and strain (i_tf_sc_mat=4, =bc20m)

b_tf_inboard_peak_symmetric = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

mean peak field at TF coil (T)

b_tf_inboard_peak_with_ripple = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

peak field at TF conductor with ripple (T)

casestr = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

case strain

dr_tf_plasma_case = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

inboard TF coil case plasma side thickness (m) (calculated for stellarators)

f_dr_tf_plasma_case = 0.05 class-attribute instance-attribute

inboard TF coil case plasma side thickness as a fraction of dr_tf_inboard

i_f_dr_tf_plasma_case = False class-attribute instance-attribute

logical switch to make dr_tf_plasma_case a fraction of TF coil thickness (f_dr_tf_plasma_case)

dx_tf_side_case_min = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

inboard TF coil minimum sidewall case thickness (m) (calculated for stellarators)

dx_tf_side_case_peak = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

inboard TF coil peak sidewall case thickness (m) (calculated for stellarators)

casths_fraction = 0.06 class-attribute instance-attribute

inboard TF coil sidewall case thickness as a fraction of dx_tf_inboard_out_toroidal

tfc_sidewall_is_fraction = False class-attribute instance-attribute

logical switch to make dx_tf_side_case_min a fraction of TF coil thickness (casths_fraction)

t_conductor = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Conductor (cable + steel conduit) area averaged dimension [m]

dx_tf_turn_general = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF coil turn edge length including turn insulation [m] If the turn is not a square (i_tf_turns_integer = 1) a squared turn of equivalent size is use to calculated this quantity If the dx_tf_turn_general is non zero, c_tf_turn is calculated

i_dx_tf_turn_general_input = False class-attribute instance-attribute

Boolean switch to activated when the user set the TF coil turn dimensions Not an input

t_turn_tf_max = 0.05 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF turn edge length including turn insulation upper limit [m] If the turn is not a square (i_tf_turns_integer = 1) a squared turn of equivalent size is use for this constraint constraint equation icc = 86

dx_tf_turn_cable_space_general = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF coil superconducting cable squared/rounded dimensions [m] If the turn is not a square (i_tf_turns_integer = 1) a squared cable of equivalent size is use to calculated this quantity If the dx_tf_turn_cable_space_general is non zero, c_tf_turn is calculated

i_dx_tf_turn_cable_space_general_input = False class-attribute instance-attribute

Boolean switch to activated when the user set the TF coil cable dimensions Not an input

acs = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Area of space inside conductor (m2)

cdtfleg = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF outboard leg current density (A/m2) (resistive coils only)

cforce = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

centering force on inboard leg (per coil) (N/m)

cplen = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

length of TF coil inboard leg ('centrepost') (i_tf_sup = 1)

c_tf_turn = 70000.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF coil current per turn (A). (calculated for stellarators) (calculated for integer-turn TF coils i_tf_turns_integer=1) (iteration variable 60)

c_tf_turn_max = 90000.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Max TF coil current per turn [A]. (for stellarators and i_tf_turns_integer=1) (constraint equation 77)

den_tf_coil_case = 8000.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

density of coil case (kg/m3)

dcond = field(default_factory=(lambda: np.array([6080.0, 6080.0, 6070.0, 6080.0, 6080.0, 8500.0, 6070.0, 8500.0, 8500.0]))) class-attribute instance-attribute

density of superconductor type given by i_tf_sc_mat/i_cs_superconductor/i_pf_superconductor (kg/m3)

den_tf_wp_turn_insulation = 1800.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

density of conduit + ground-wall insulation (kg/m3)

dia_tf_turn_coolant_channel = 0.005 class-attribute instance-attribute

diameter of central helium channel in TF winding (m)

e_tf_magnetic_stored_total = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Total magnetic stored energy in the toroidal field coils (J)

e_tf_magnetic_stored_total_gj = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Total magnetic stored energy in the toroidal field coils (GJ)

e_tf_coil_magnetic_stored = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Stored magnetic energy in a single TF coil (J)

b_crit_upper_nbti = 14.86 class-attribute instance-attribute

upper critical field of GL_nbti

t_crit_nbti = 9.04 class-attribute instance-attribute

critical temperature of GL_nbti

max_force_density = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Maximal (WP averaged) force density in TF coils at 1 point. (MN/m3)

f_a_tf_turn_cable_copper = 0.69 class-attribute instance-attribute

copper fraction of cable conductor (TF coils) (iteration variable 59)

fhts = 0.5 class-attribute instance-attribute

technology adjustment factor for critical current density fit for isumat..=2 Bi-2212 superconductor, to describe the level of technology assumed (i.e. to account for stress, fatigue, radiation, AC losses, joints or manufacturing variations; 1.0 would be very optimistic)

insstrain = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Radial strain in insulator

i_tf_stress_model = 1 class-attribute instance-attribute

Switch for the TF coil stress model 0 : Generalized plane strain formulation, Issues #977 and #991, O(n^3) 1 : Old plane stress model (only for SC) 2 : Axisymmetric extended plane strain, Issues #1414 and #998, O(n)

i_tf_tresca = 0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Switch for TF coil conduit Tresca stress criterion: 0 : Tresca (no adjustment); 1 : Tresca with CEA adjustment factors (radial+2%, vertical+60%)

i_tf_wp_geom = -1 class-attribute instance-attribute

Switch for TF WP geometry selection 0 : Rectangular geometry 1 : Double rectangular geometry 2 : Trapezoidal geometry (constant lateral casing thickness) Default setting for backward compatibility if i_tf_turns_integer = 0 : Double rectangular if i_tf_turns_integer = 1 : Rectangular

i_tf_case_geom = 0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Switch for TF case geometry selection 0 : Circular front case (ITER design) 1 : Straight front case

i_tf_turns_integer = 0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Switch for TF coil integer/non-integer turns: 0 : non-integer turns 1 : integer turns

i_tf_sc_mat = 1 class-attribute instance-attribute

Switch for superconductor material in TF coils: - =1 ITER Nb3Sn critical surface model with standard ITER parameters - =2 Bi-2212 high temperature superconductor (range of validity T < 20K, adjusted field b < 104 T, B > 6 T) - =3 NbTi - =4 ITER Nb3Sn model with user-specified parameters - =5 WST Nb3Sn parameterisation - =6 REBCO HTS tape in CroCo strand - =7 Durham Ginzburg-Landau critical surface model for Nb-Ti - =8 Durham Ginzburg-Landau critical surface model for REBCO - =9 Hazelton experimental data + Zhai conceptual model for REBCO

i_tf_sup = 1 class-attribute instance-attribute

Switch for TF coil conductor model: - =0 copper - =1 superconductor - =2 Cryogenic aluminium

i_tf_shape = 0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Switch for TF coil toroidal shape: - =0 Default value : Picture frame coil for TART / PROCESS D-shape for non itart - =1 PROCESS D-shape : parametrise with 2 arcs - =2 Picture frame coils

i_tf_cond_eyoung_axial = 0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Switch for the behavior of the TF coil conductor elastic axial properties - =0 Young's modulus is set to zero, and the conductor is not considered in the stress calculation. This corresponds to the case that the conductor is much less stiff than the conduit, or the case that the conductor is prevented (isolated) from taking axial loads. - =1 Elastic properties are set by user input, using the variable eyoung_cond_axial - =2 Elastic properties are set to reasonable defaults taking into account the superconducting material i_tf_sc_mat

i_tf_cond_eyoung_trans = 1 class-attribute instance-attribute

Switch for the behavior of the elastic properties of the TF coil conductorin the transverse direction. Only active if i_tf_cond_eyoung_axial == 2 - =0 Cable not potted in solder. Transverse Young's modulus set to zero. - =1 Cable potted in solder. If i_tf_cond_eyoung_axial == 2, the transverse Young's modulus of the conductor is equal to the axial, which is set to a sensible material-dependent default.

n_tf_wp_pancakes = 10 class-attribute instance-attribute

Number of pancakes in TF coil. Only used if i_tf_turns_integer=1

n_tf_wp_layers = 20 class-attribute instance-attribute

Number of layers in TF coil. Only used if i_tf_turns_integer=1

n_rad_per_layer = 100 class-attribute instance-attribute

Size of the arrays per layers storing the radial dependent stress quantities (stresses, strain displacement etc..)

i_tf_bucking = -1 class-attribute instance-attribute

Switch for TF inboard support structure design: Default setting for backward compatibility - if copper resistive TF (i_tf_sup = 0) : Free standing TF without bucking structure - if Superconducting TF (i_tf_sup = 1) : Free standing TF with a steel casing - if aluminium TF (i_tf_sup = 2) : Free standing TF with a bucking structure Rem : the case is a bucking structure - =0 : Free standing TF without case/bucking cyliner (only a conductor layer) - =1 : Free standing TF with a case/bucking cylinder made of - if copper resistive TF (i_tf_sup = 0) : used defined bucking cylinder - if Superconducting TF (i_tf_sup = 1) : Steel casing - if aluminium resistive TF (i_tf_sup = 2) : used defined bucking cylinder - =2 : The TF is in contact with the CS : "bucked and wedged design" Fast version : thin TF-CS interface neglected in the stress calculations (3 layers) The CS is frictionally decoupled from the TF, does not carry axial tension - =3 : The TF is in contact with the CS : "bucked and wedged design" Full version : thin TF-CS Kapton interface introduced in the stress calculations (4 layers) The CS and kaptop are frictionally decoupled from the TF, do not carry axial tension

n_tf_graded_layers = 1 class-attribute instance-attribute

Number of layers of different stress properties in the WP. If n_tf_graded_layers > 1, a graded coil is condidered

n_tf_stress_layers = 0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Number of layers considered for the inboard TF stress calculations set in initial.f90 from i_tf_bucking and n_tf_graded_layers

n_tf_wp_stress_layers = 5 class-attribute instance-attribute

Maximum number of layers that can be considered in the TF coil composited/smeared stress analysis. This is the layers of one turn, not the entire WP. Default: 5. void, conductor, copper, conduit, insulation.

j_tf_bus = 1250000.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

bussing current density (A/m2)

j_crit_str_tf = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

j_crit_str : superconductor strand critical current density under operating conditions (A/m2). Necessary for the cost calculation in $/kAm

j_crit_str_0 = field(default_factory=(lambda: np.array([596905475.8039012, 1925501534.8512938, 724544682.960635, 549858624.4507244, 669284509.8581878, 0.0, 898964415.3699678, 1158752995.2559297, 865652122.9071957]))) class-attribute instance-attribute

j_crit_str_pf_0 : superconductor strand critical current density at 6 T and 4.2 K (A/m2) Necessary for the cost calculation in $/kAm

j_tf_wp_critical = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

critical current density for winding pack (A/m2)

j_tf_wp_quench_heat_max = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

allowable TF coil winding pack current density, for dump temperature rise protection (A/m2)

j_tf_wp = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

winding pack engineering current density (A/m2)

j_tf_coil_full_area = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Inboard leg mid-plane full coil area current density (A/m²)

eyoung_ins = 100000000.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Insulator Young's modulus [Pa]. Default value (1.0D8) setup the following values - SC TF, eyoung_ins = 20 Gpa (default value from DDD11-2 v2 2 (2009)) - Al TF, eyoung_ins = 2.5 GPa (Kapton polymer)

eyoung_steel = 205000000000.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Steel case Young's modulus (Pa) (default value from DDD11-2 v2 2 (2009))

eyoung_cond_axial = 660000000.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

SC TF coil conductor Young's modulus in the parallel (along the wire/tape) direction [Pa] Set by user input only if i_tf_cond_eyoung_axial == 1; otherwise set by the behavior of that switch.

eyoung_cond_trans = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

SC TF coil conductor Young's modulus in the transverse direction [Pa] Set by user input only if i_tf_cond_eyoung_axial == 1; otherwise set by the behavior of that switch.

eyoung_res_tf_buck = 150000000000.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Resistive TF magnets bucking cylinder young modulus (Pa)

eyoung_copper = 117000000000.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Copper young modulus. Default value taken from wikipedia

eyoung_al = 69000000000.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Aluminium young modulus. Default value taken from wikipedia

poisson_steel = 0.3 class-attribute instance-attribute

Steel Poisson's ratio, Source : https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/metals-poissons-ratio-d_1268.html

poisson_copper = 0.35 class-attribute instance-attribute

Copper Poisson's ratio. Source : https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/poissons-ratio-d_1224.html

poisson_al = 0.35 class-attribute instance-attribute

Aluminium Poisson's ratio. Source : https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/poissons-ratio-d_1224.html

poisson_ins = 0.34 class-attribute instance-attribute

Insulation Poisson's ratio. Default: Kapton. Source : DuPont™ Kapton® HN datasheet.

poisson_cond_axial = 0.3 class-attribute instance-attribute

SC TF coil conductor Poisson's ratio in the parallel-transverse direction

poisson_cond_trans = 0.3 class-attribute instance-attribute

SC TF coil conductor Poisson's ratio in the transverse-transverse direction

r_b_tf_inboard_peak = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Radius of maximum TF B-field (m)

res_tf_leg = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF coil leg resistance (ohm)

toroidalgap = 1.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Minimal distance between two toroidal coils. (m)

ripple_b_tf_plasma_edge_max = 1.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

maximum allowable toroidal field ripple amplitude at plasma edge (%)

ripple_b_tf_plasma_edge = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

peak/average toroidal field ripple at plasma edge (%)

c_tf_total = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

total (summed) current in TF coils (A)

radial_array = field(default_factory=(lambda: np.zeros(N_RADIAL_ARRAY))) class-attribute instance-attribute

Array refining the radii of the stress calculations arrays

sig_tf_r = field(default_factory=(lambda: np.zeros(N_RADIAL_ARRAY))) class-attribute instance-attribute

TF Inboard leg radial stress in steel r distribution at mid-plane [Pa]

sig_tf_t = field(default_factory=(lambda: np.zeros(N_RADIAL_ARRAY))) class-attribute instance-attribute

TF Inboard leg tangential stress in steel r distribution at mid-plane [Pa]

deflect = field(default_factory=(lambda: np.zeros(N_RADIAL_ARRAY))) class-attribute instance-attribute

TF coil radial deflection (displacement) radial distribution [m]

sig_tf_z = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF Inboard leg vertical tensile stress in steel at mid-plane [Pa]

sig_tf_vmises = field(default_factory=(lambda: np.zeros(N_RADIAL_ARRAY))) class-attribute instance-attribute

TF Inboard leg Von-Mises stress in steel r distribution at mid-plane [Pa]

s_shear_tf = field(default_factory=(lambda: np.zeros(N_RADIAL_ARRAY))) class-attribute instance-attribute

TF Inboard leg maximum shear stress (Tresca criterion) in steel r distribution at mid-plane [Pa]

sig_tf_cs_bucked = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

sig_tf_case = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Maximum shear stress (Tresca criterion) in TF casing steel structures (Pa)

sig_tf_wp = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

str_cs_con_res = -0.005 class-attribute instance-attribute

Residual manufacturing strain in CS superconductor material

str_pf_con_res = -0.005 class-attribute instance-attribute

Residual manufacturing strain in PF superconductor material

str_tf_con_res = -0.005 class-attribute instance-attribute

Residual manufacturing strain in TF superconductor material If i_str_wp == 0, used to compute the critical surface. Otherwise, the self-consistent winding pack str_wp is used.

str_wp = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Axial (vertical) strain in the TF coil winding pack found by self-consistent stress/strain calculation. if i_str_wp == 1, used to compute the critical surface. Otherwise, the input value str_tf_con_res is used. Constrain the absolute value using constraint equation 88 You can't have constraint 88 and i_str_wp = 0 at the same time

str_wp_max = 0.007 class-attribute instance-attribute

Maximum allowed absolute value of the strain in the TF coil (Constraint equation 88)

i_str_wp = 1 class-attribute instance-attribute

Switch for the behavior of the TF strain used to compute the strain-dependent critical surface: - =0 str_tf_con_res is used - =1 str_wp is used

quench_model = 'exponential' class-attribute instance-attribute

switch for TF coil quench model (Only applies to REBCO magnet at present, issue #522): - ='exponential' exponential quench with constant discharge resistor - ='linear' quench with constant voltage

time1 = 0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Time at which TF quench is detected (s)

tcritsc = 16.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

critical temperature (K) for superconductor at zero field and strain (i_tf_sc_mat=4, =tc0m)

t_tf_superconductor_quench = 10.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

fast discharge time for TF coil in event of quench (s) (iteration variable 56) For REBCO model, meaning depends on quench_model: - exponential quench : e-folding time (s)` - linear quench : discharge time (s)

a_tf_inboard_total = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Total inboard area of all TF coils (m²)

len_tf_bus = 300.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF coil bus length (m)

m_tf_bus = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF coil bus mass (kg)

tfckw = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

available DC power for charging the TF coils (kW)

tfcmw = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Peak power per TF power supply (MW)

p_cp_resistive_mw = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Peak resistive TF coil inboard leg power (MW)

p_tf_joints_resistive_mw = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF joints resistive power losses (MW)

tfcryoarea = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

surface area of toroidal shells covering TF coils (m2)

tficrn = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF coil half-width - inner dr_bore (m)

ind_tf_coil = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF coil inductance (H)

dx_tf_wp_insertion_gap = 0.01 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF coil WP insertion gap (m)

p_tf_leg_resistive_mw = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF coil outboard leg resistive power (MW)

rho_cp = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF coil inboard leg resistivity [Ohm-m]. If itart=0, this variable is the average resistivity over the whole magnet

rho_tf_leg = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Resistivity of a TF coil leg (Ohm-m)

rho_tf_bus = 1.86e-08 class-attribute instance-attribute

Resistivity of a TF coil bus (Ohm-m). Default values is for that of GLIDCOP AL-15 (C15715) at 293K

frhocp = 1.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Centrepost resistivity enhancement factor. For itart=0, this factor is used for the whole magnet

frholeg = 1.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Outboard legs resistivity enhancement factor. Only used for itart=1.

i_cp_joints = -1 class-attribute instance-attribute

Switch for CP demoutable joints type -= 0 : Clampled joints -= 1 : Sliding joints Default value (-1) choses : Sliding joints for resistive magnets (i_tf_sup = 0, 2) Clampled joints for superconducting magnets (i_tf_sup = 1)

rho_tf_joints = 2.5e-10 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF joints surfacic resistivity [ohm.m]. Feldmetal joints assumed.

n_tf_joints_contact = 6 class-attribute instance-attribute

Number of contact per turn

n_tf_joints = 4 class-attribute instance-attribute

Number of joints Ex: n_tf_joints = 2 for top and bottom CP joints

th_joint_contact = 0.03 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF sliding joints contact pad width [m]

p_tf_joints_resistive = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Calculated TF joints resistive power losses [W]

len_tf_coil = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF coil circumference (m)

eff_tf_cryo = -1.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF cryoplant efficiency (compared to pefect Carnot cycle). Using -1 set the default value depending on magnet technology: - i_tf_sup = 1 : SC magnet, eff_tf_cryo = 0.13 (ITER design) - i_tf_sup = 2 : Cryo-aluminium, eff_tf_cryo = 0.4

n_tf_coils = 16.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Number of TF coils (default = 50 for stellarators). Number of TF coils outer legs for ST

tfocrn = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF coil half-width - outer dr_bore (m)

tfsai = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

area of the inboard TF coil legs (m2)

tfsao = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

area of the outboard TF coil legs (m2)

tftmp = 4.5 class-attribute instance-attribute

peak helium coolant temperature in TF coils and PF coils (K)

dx_tf_inboard_out_toroidal = 1.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Inboard leg toroidal thickness at outer edge (m)

dx_tf_turn_insulation = 0.0008 class-attribute instance-attribute

conduit insulation thickness (m)

layer_ins = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Additional insulation thickness between layers (m)

dr_tf_nose_case = 0.3 class-attribute instance-attribute

inboard TF coil case outer (non-plasma side) thickness (m) (iteration variable 57) (calculated for stellarators)

dr_tf_full_midplane = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Full radial thickness of TF coil at midplane (m)

dr_tf_internal_midplane = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Internal radial thickness of TF coil at midplane (m)

dr_tf_wp_with_insulation = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

radial thickness of winding pack (m) (iteration variable 140) (issue #514)

dx_tf_turn_steel = 0.008 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF coil turn steel conduit case thickness (m) (iteration variable 58)

dx_tf_wp_insulation = 0.018 class-attribute instance-attribute

Thickness of the ground insulation layer surrounding (m) - Superconductor TF (i_tf_sup == 1) : The TF coil Winding packs - Resistive magnets (i_tf_sup /= 1) : The TF coil wedges Rem : Thickness calculated for stellarators.

temp_tf_superconductor_margin_min = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

minimum allowable temperature margin : TF coils (K)

temp_cs_superconductor_margin_min = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

minimum allowable temperature margin : CS (K)

tmargmin = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

minimum allowable temperature margin : TFC AND CS (K)

temp_margin = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

temperature margin (K)

temp_tf_superconductor_margin = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF coil superconductor temperature margin (K)

temp_tf_conductor_quench_max = 150.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

maximum temp during a quench for protection (K)

temp_croco_quench_max = 200.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

CroCo strand: maximum permitted temp during a quench (K)

temp_croco_quench = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

CroCo strand: Actual temp reached during a quench (K)

temp_tf_cryo = 4.5 class-attribute instance-attribute

coil temperature for cryogenic plant power calculation (K)

n_tf_coil_turns = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

number of turns per TF coil

v_tf_coil_dump_quench_max_kv = 20.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

max voltage across TF coil during quench (kV) (iteration variable 52)

vforce = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

vertical tension on inboard leg/coil (N)

f_vforce_inboard = 0.5 class-attribute instance-attribute

Fraction of the total vertical force taken by the TF inboard leg tension Not used for resistive itart=1 (sliding joints)

vforce_outboard = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Vertical tension on outboard leg/coil (N)

f_a_tf_turn_cable_space_extra_void = 0.4 class-attribute instance-attribute

coolant fraction of TFC 'cable' (i_tf_sup=1), or of TFC leg (i_tf_ssup=0)

voltfleg = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

volume of each TF coil outboard leg (m3)

vtfkv = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF coil voltage for resistive coil including bus (kV)

v_tf_coil_dump_quench_kv = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

voltage across a TF coil during quench (kV)

m_tf_coil_case = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

mass per coil of external case (kg)

m_tf_coil_conductor = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF coil conductor mass per coil (kg/coil). For itart=1, coil is return limb plus centrepost/n_tf_coils

m_tf_coil_copper = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

copper mass in TF coil conductor (kg/coil). For itart=1, coil is return limb plus centrepost/n_tf_coils

whtconal = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Aluminium mass in TF coil conductor (kg/coil). For itart=1, coil is return limb plus centrepost/n_tf_coils

m_tf_coil_wp_turn_insulation = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

conduit insulation mass in TF coil conductor (kg/coil)

m_tf_coil_superconductor = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

superconductor mass in TF coil cable (kg/coil)

m_tf_wp_steel_conduit = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

steel conduit mass in TF coil conductor (kg/coil)

m_tf_coil_wp_insulation = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

mass of ground-wall insulation layer per coil (kg/coil)

m_tf_coils_total = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

total mass of the TF coils (kg)

dx_tf_wp_primary_toroidal = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

width of first step of winding pack (m)

dx_tf_wp_secondary_toroidal = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

width of second step of winding pack (m)

dthet = field(default_factory=(lambda: np.zeros(4))) class-attribute instance-attribute

angle of arc i (rad)

radctf = field(default_factory=(lambda: np.zeros(4))) class-attribute instance-attribute

radius of arc i (m)

r_tf_arc = field(default_factory=(lambda: np.zeros(5))) class-attribute instance-attribute

x location of arc point i on surface (m)

xctfc = field(default_factory=(lambda: np.zeros(4))) class-attribute instance-attribute

x location of arc centre i (m)

z_tf_arc = field(default_factory=(lambda: np.zeros(5))) class-attribute instance-attribute

y location of arc point i on surface (m)

yctfc = field(default_factory=(lambda: np.zeros(4))) class-attribute instance-attribute

y location of arc centre i (m)

tfa = field(default_factory=(lambda: np.zeros(4))) class-attribute instance-attribute

Horizontal radius of inside edge of TF coil (m)

tfb = field(default_factory=(lambda: np.zeros(4))) class-attribute instance-attribute

Vertical radius of inside edge of TF coil (m)

drtop = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

centrepost taper maximum radius adjustment (m)

dztop = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

centrepost taper height adjustment (m)

etapump = 0.8 class-attribute instance-attribute

centrepost coolant pump efficiency

fcoolcp = 0.3 class-attribute instance-attribute

coolant fraction of TF coil inboard legs (iteration variable 23)

f_a_tf_cool_outboard = 0.2 class-attribute instance-attribute

coolant fraction of TF coil outboard legs

a_cp_cool = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Centrepost cooling area toroidal cross-section (constant over the whole CP)

n_cp_coolant_channels_total = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

number of centrepost coolant tubes

p_cp_coolant_pump_elec = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

centrepost coolant pump power (W)

p_cp_resistive = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

resistive power in the centrepost (itart=1) [W]. If itart=0, this variable is the ressitive power on the whole magnet

p_tf_leg_resistive = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Summed resistive power in the TF coil legs [W]. Remain 0 if itart=0.

temp_cp_max = 473.15 class-attribute instance-attribute

maximum peak centrepost temperature (K) (constraint equation 44)

radius_cp_coolant_channel = 0.005 class-attribute instance-attribute

average radius of coolant channel (m) (iteration variable 69)

temp_cp_coolant_inlet = 313.15 class-attribute instance-attribute

centrepost coolant inlet temperature (K)

dtemp_cp_coolant = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

inlet / outlet TF coil coolant temperature rise (K)

temp_cp_average = 373.15 class-attribute instance-attribute

Average temperature of centrepost called CP (K). Only used for resistive coils to compute the resisitive heating. Must be an iteration variable for ST (itart=1) (iteration variable 20)

tcpav2 = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Computed centrepost average temperature (K) (for consistency)

temp_tf_legs_outboard = -1.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Average temperature of the TF outboard legs [K]. If temp_tf_legs_outboard=-1.0, the ouboard legs and CP temperatures are the same. Fixed for now, should use a contraints eq like temp_cp_average

temp_cp_peak = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

peak centrepost temperature (K)

vel_cp_coolant_midplane = 20.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

inlet centrepost coolant flow speed at midplane (m/s) (iteration variable 70)

vol_cond_cp = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Exact conductor volume in the centrepost (m3)

whtcp = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

mass of TF coil inboard legs (kg)

whttflgs = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

mass of the TF coil legs (kg)

cryo_cool_req = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

Cryo cooling requirement at helium temp 4.5K (kW)

theta1_coil = 45.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

The angle of the outboard arc forming the TF coil current center line [deg]

theta1_vv = 1.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

The angle of the outboard arc forming the Vacuum Vessel current center line [deg]

max_vv_stress = 143000000.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

The allowable peak maximum shear stress in the vacuum vessel due to quench and fast discharge of the TF coils [Pa]

t_tf_quench_detection = 3.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF coil quench detection time (s). Only used for TF coil quench protection.

rrr_tf_cu = 100.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF coil copper residual-resistance-ratio (RRR). Only used for quench protection.

a_tf_turn = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

TF coil turn area (m²)

drarea = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute

r_b_tf_inboard_peak_symmetric = 0.0 class-attribute instance-attribute