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exhaust

Module for plasma exhaust calculations and analysis.

PlasmaExhaust

Bases: Model

Class to hold plasma exhaust calculations for plasma processing.

Source code in process/models/physics/exhaust.py 
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class PlasmaExhaust(Model):
    """Class to hold plasma exhaust calculations for plasma processing."""

    def __init__(self):
        self.outfile = constants.NOUT
        self.mfile = constants.MFILE

    def run(self):
        """This model isn't run."""

    def output(self):
        """Output plasma exhaust results to the output file."""
        po.oheadr(self.outfile, "Plasma Exhaust")
        po.ovarre(
            self.outfile,
            "Plasma separatrix power (Pₛₑₚ) (MW)",
            "(p_plasma_separatrix_mw)",
            self.data.physics.p_plasma_separatrix_mw,
            "OP ",
        )

        if self.data.physics.p_plasma_separatrix_mw <= 0.001e0:
            logger.error(
                "Possible problem with high radiation power, forcing "
                "p_plasma_separatrix_mw to odd values. "
                f"{self.data.physics.p_plasma_separatrix_mw=}"
            )
            po.oblnkl(self.outfile)
            po.ocmmnt(
                self.outfile, "  BEWARE: possible problem with high radiation power"
            )
            po.ocmmnt(self.outfile, "          Power into divertor zone is unrealistic;")
            po.ocmmnt(self.outfile, "          divertor calculations will be nonsense#")
            po.ocmmnt(
                self.outfile, "  Set constraint 17 (Radiation fraction upper limit)."
            )
            po.oblnkl(self.outfile)

        if self.data.divertor.n_divertors == 2:
            # Double null divertor configuration
            po.ovarre(
                self.outfile,
                "Plasma separatrix power over major radius (Pₛₑₚ / R₀) (MW/m) "
                "(On peak divertor)",
                "(p_plasma_separatrix_rmajor_mw)",
                self.data.physics.p_plasma_separatrix_rmajor_mw,
                "OP ",
            )
            po.ovarre(
                self.outfile,
                "EU-DEMO divertor protection re-attachment metric (PₛₑₚBₜ / q₉₅AR₀) "
                "(MWT/m) (On peak divertor)",
                "(p_div_bt_q_aspect_rmajor_mw)",
                self.data.physics.p_div_bt_q_aspect_rmajor_mw,
                "OP ",
            )
        else:
            # Single null divertor configuration
            po.ovarre(
                self.outfile,
                "Plasma separatrix power over major radius (Pₛₑₚ / R₀) (MW/m)",
                "(p_plasma_separatrix_rmajor_mw)",
                self.data.physics.p_plasma_separatrix_rmajor_mw,
                "OP ",
            )
            po.ovarre(
                self.outfile,
                "EU-DEMO divertor protection re-attachment metric (PₛₑₚBₜ / q₉₅AR₀) "
                "(MWT/m)",
                "(p_div_bt_q_aspect_rmajor_mw)",
                self.data.physics.p_div_bt_q_aspect_rmajor_mw,
                "OP ",
            )

        po.oblnkl(self.outfile)

    @staticmethod
    def calculate_separatrix_power(
        f_p_alpha_plasma_deposited: float,
        p_alpha_total_mw: float,
        p_non_alpha_charged_mw: float,
        p_hcd_injected_total_mw: float,
        p_plasma_ohmic_mw: float,
        p_plasma_rad_mw: float,
    ) -> float:
        """
        Calculate the power crossing the separatrix (Pₛₑₚ).

        Parameters
        ----------
        f_p_alpha_plasma_deposited : float
            Fraction of alpha power deposited in plasma.
        p_alpha_total_mw : float
            Total alpha power produced (MW).
        p_non_alpha_charged_mw : float
            Power from non-alpha charged particles (MW).
        p_hcd_injected_total_mw : float
            Total power injected by heating and current drive (MW).
        p_plasma_ohmic_mw : float
            Ohmic heating power (MW).
        p_plasma_rad_mw : float
            Radiated power from plasma (MW).

        Returns
        -------
        float
            Power crossing the separatrix (MW).
        """
        return (
            f_p_alpha_plasma_deposited * p_alpha_total_mw
            + p_non_alpha_charged_mw
            + p_hcd_injected_total_mw
            + p_plasma_ohmic_mw
            - p_plasma_rad_mw
        )

    @staticmethod
    def calculate_psep_over_r_metric(
        p_plasma_separatrix_mw: float, rmajor: float
    ) -> float:
        """
        Calculate the power crossing the separatrix per unit major radius (Pₛₑₚ / R₀).

        Parameters
        ----------
        p_plasma_separatrix_mw : float
            Power crossing the separatrix (Pₛₑₚ) [MW].
        rmajor : float
            Plasma major radius (R₀) [m].

        Returns
        -------
        float
            Power crossing the separatrix per unit major radius (Pₛₑₚ / R₀) [MW/m].
        """
        return p_plasma_separatrix_mw / rmajor

    @staticmethod
    def calculate_eu_demo_re_attachment_metric(
        p_plasma_separatrix_mw: float,
        b_plasma_toroidal_on_axis: float,
        q95: float,
        aspect: float,
        rmajor: float,
    ) -> float:
        """Calculate the EU DEMO divertor protection re-attachment metric for plasma
        exhaust (PₛₑₚBₜ / q₉₅AR₀).

        Parameters
        ----------
        p_plasma_separatrix_mw : float
            Power crossing the separatrix (Pₛₑₚ) [MW].
        b_plasma_toroidal_on_axis : float
            Toroidal magnetic field on axis (Bₜ) [T].
        q95 : float
            Safety factor at 95% flux surface (q₉₅).
        aspect : float
            Aspect ratio of the plasma (A).
        rmajor : float
            Plasma major radius (R₀) [m].

        Returns
        -------
        float
            EU DEMO re-attachment metric (PₛₑₚBₜ / q₉₅AR₀) [MW T /m].

        References
        ----------
        [1] M. Siccinio, G. Federici, R. Kembleton, H. Lux, F. Maviglia, and J. Morris,
        "Figure of merit for divertor protection in the preliminary design of the
        EU-DEMO reactor," Nuclear Fusion, vol. 59, no. 10, pp. 106026-106026,
        Jul. 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab3153.

        [2] H. Zohm et al.,
        "A stepladder approach to a tokamak fusion power plant,"
        Nuclear Fusion, vol. 57, no. 8, pp. 086002-086002, May 2017,
        doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aa739e.
        """
        return (p_plasma_separatrix_mw * b_plasma_toroidal_on_axis) / (
            q95 * aspect * rmajor
        )

    @staticmethod
    def calculate_radiation_fraction(
        p_plasma_rad_mw: float, p_plasma_heating_mw: float
    ) -> float:
        """
        Calculate the radiation fraction of the plasma.

        Parameters
        ----------
        p_plasma_rad_mw : float
            Radiated power from plasma (MW).
        p_plasma_heating_mw : float
            Total plasma heating power (MW).

        Returns
        -------
        float
            Radiation fraction of the plasma.
        """
        if p_plasma_heating_mw == 0:
            logger.warning(
                "Total plasma heating power is zero, "
                "cannot calculate radiation fraction."
            )
            return 0.0

        return p_plasma_rad_mw / p_plasma_heating_mw

outfile = constants.NOUT instance-attribute

mfile = constants.MFILE instance-attribute

run()

This model isn't run.

Source code in process/models/physics/exhaust.py 
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def run(self):
    """This model isn't run."""

output()

Output plasma exhaust results to the output file.

Source code in process/models/physics/exhaust.py 
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def output(self):
    """Output plasma exhaust results to the output file."""
    po.oheadr(self.outfile, "Plasma Exhaust")
    po.ovarre(
        self.outfile,
        "Plasma separatrix power (Pₛₑₚ) (MW)",
        "(p_plasma_separatrix_mw)",
        self.data.physics.p_plasma_separatrix_mw,
        "OP ",
    )

    if self.data.physics.p_plasma_separatrix_mw <= 0.001e0:
        logger.error(
            "Possible problem with high radiation power, forcing "
            "p_plasma_separatrix_mw to odd values. "
            f"{self.data.physics.p_plasma_separatrix_mw=}"
        )
        po.oblnkl(self.outfile)
        po.ocmmnt(
            self.outfile, "  BEWARE: possible problem with high radiation power"
        )
        po.ocmmnt(self.outfile, "          Power into divertor zone is unrealistic;")
        po.ocmmnt(self.outfile, "          divertor calculations will be nonsense#")
        po.ocmmnt(
            self.outfile, "  Set constraint 17 (Radiation fraction upper limit)."
        )
        po.oblnkl(self.outfile)

    if self.data.divertor.n_divertors == 2:
        # Double null divertor configuration
        po.ovarre(
            self.outfile,
            "Plasma separatrix power over major radius (Pₛₑₚ / R₀) (MW/m) "
            "(On peak divertor)",
            "(p_plasma_separatrix_rmajor_mw)",
            self.data.physics.p_plasma_separatrix_rmajor_mw,
            "OP ",
        )
        po.ovarre(
            self.outfile,
            "EU-DEMO divertor protection re-attachment metric (PₛₑₚBₜ / q₉₅AR₀) "
            "(MWT/m) (On peak divertor)",
            "(p_div_bt_q_aspect_rmajor_mw)",
            self.data.physics.p_div_bt_q_aspect_rmajor_mw,
            "OP ",
        )
    else:
        # Single null divertor configuration
        po.ovarre(
            self.outfile,
            "Plasma separatrix power over major radius (Pₛₑₚ / R₀) (MW/m)",
            "(p_plasma_separatrix_rmajor_mw)",
            self.data.physics.p_plasma_separatrix_rmajor_mw,
            "OP ",
        )
        po.ovarre(
            self.outfile,
            "EU-DEMO divertor protection re-attachment metric (PₛₑₚBₜ / q₉₅AR₀) "
            "(MWT/m)",
            "(p_div_bt_q_aspect_rmajor_mw)",
            self.data.physics.p_div_bt_q_aspect_rmajor_mw,
            "OP ",
        )

    po.oblnkl(self.outfile)

calculate_separatrix_power(f_p_alpha_plasma_deposited, p_alpha_total_mw, p_non_alpha_charged_mw, p_hcd_injected_total_mw, p_plasma_ohmic_mw, p_plasma_rad_mw) staticmethod

Calculate the power crossing the separatrix (Pₛₑₚ).

Parameters:

Name Type Description Default
f_p_alpha_plasma_deposited float

Fraction of alpha power deposited in plasma.

 required
p_alpha_total_mw float

Total alpha power produced (MW).

 required
p_non_alpha_charged_mw float

Power from non-alpha charged particles (MW).

 required
p_hcd_injected_total_mw float

Total power injected by heating and current drive (MW).

 required
p_plasma_ohmic_mw float

Ohmic heating power (MW).

 required
p_plasma_rad_mw float

Radiated power from plasma (MW).

 required

Returns:

Type Description
float

Power crossing the separatrix (MW).
Source code in process/models/physics/exhaust.py 
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@staticmethod
def calculate_separatrix_power(
    f_p_alpha_plasma_deposited: float,
    p_alpha_total_mw: float,
    p_non_alpha_charged_mw: float,
    p_hcd_injected_total_mw: float,
    p_plasma_ohmic_mw: float,
    p_plasma_rad_mw: float,
) -> float:
    """
    Calculate the power crossing the separatrix (Pₛₑₚ).

    Parameters
    ----------
    f_p_alpha_plasma_deposited : float
        Fraction of alpha power deposited in plasma.
    p_alpha_total_mw : float
        Total alpha power produced (MW).
    p_non_alpha_charged_mw : float
        Power from non-alpha charged particles (MW).
    p_hcd_injected_total_mw : float
        Total power injected by heating and current drive (MW).
    p_plasma_ohmic_mw : float
        Ohmic heating power (MW).
    p_plasma_rad_mw : float
        Radiated power from plasma (MW).

    Returns
    -------
    float
        Power crossing the separatrix (MW).
    """
    return (
        f_p_alpha_plasma_deposited * p_alpha_total_mw
        + p_non_alpha_charged_mw
        + p_hcd_injected_total_mw
        + p_plasma_ohmic_mw
        - p_plasma_rad_mw
    )

calculate_psep_over_r_metric(p_plasma_separatrix_mw, rmajor) staticmethod

Calculate the power crossing the separatrix per unit major radius (Pₛₑₚ / R₀).

Parameters:

Name Type Description Default
p_plasma_separatrix_mw float

Power crossing the separatrix (Pₛₑₚ) [MW].

 required
rmajor float

Plasma major radius (R₀) [m].

 required

Returns:

Type Description
float

Power crossing the separatrix per unit major radius (Pₛₑₚ / R₀) [MW/m].
Source code in process/models/physics/exhaust.py 
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@staticmethod
def calculate_psep_over_r_metric(
    p_plasma_separatrix_mw: float, rmajor: float
) -> float:
    """
    Calculate the power crossing the separatrix per unit major radius (Pₛₑₚ / R₀).

    Parameters
    ----------
    p_plasma_separatrix_mw : float
        Power crossing the separatrix (Pₛₑₚ) [MW].
    rmajor : float
        Plasma major radius (R₀) [m].

    Returns
    -------
    float
        Power crossing the separatrix per unit major radius (Pₛₑₚ / R₀) [MW/m].
    """
    return p_plasma_separatrix_mw / rmajor

calculate_eu_demo_re_attachment_metric(p_plasma_separatrix_mw, b_plasma_toroidal_on_axis, q95, aspect, rmajor) staticmethod

Calculate the EU DEMO divertor protection re-attachment metric for plasma exhaust (PₛₑₚBₜ / q₉₅AR₀).

Parameters:

Name Type Description Default
p_plasma_separatrix_mw float

Power crossing the separatrix (Pₛₑₚ) [MW].

 required
b_plasma_toroidal_on_axis float

Toroidal magnetic field on axis (Bₜ) [T].

 required
q95 float

Safety factor at 95% flux surface (q₉₅).

 required
aspect float

Aspect ratio of the plasma (A).

 required
rmajor float

Plasma major radius (R₀) [m].

 required

Returns:

Type Description
float

EU DEMO re-attachment metric (PₛₑₚBₜ / q₉₅AR₀) [MW T /m].
References

[1] M. Siccinio, G. Federici, R. Kembleton, H. Lux, F. Maviglia, and J. Morris, "Figure of merit for divertor protection in the preliminary design of the EU-DEMO reactor," Nuclear Fusion, vol. 59, no. 10, pp. 106026-106026, Jul. 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab3153.

[2] H. Zohm et al., "A stepladder approach to a tokamak fusion power plant," Nuclear Fusion, vol. 57, no. 8, pp. 086002-086002, May 2017, doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aa739e.

Source code in process/models/physics/exhaust.py 
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@staticmethod
def calculate_eu_demo_re_attachment_metric(
    p_plasma_separatrix_mw: float,
    b_plasma_toroidal_on_axis: float,
    q95: float,
    aspect: float,
    rmajor: float,
) -> float:
    """Calculate the EU DEMO divertor protection re-attachment metric for plasma
    exhaust (PₛₑₚBₜ / q₉₅AR₀).

    Parameters
    ----------
    p_plasma_separatrix_mw : float
        Power crossing the separatrix (Pₛₑₚ) [MW].
    b_plasma_toroidal_on_axis : float
        Toroidal magnetic field on axis (Bₜ) [T].
    q95 : float
        Safety factor at 95% flux surface (q₉₅).
    aspect : float
        Aspect ratio of the plasma (A).
    rmajor : float
        Plasma major radius (R₀) [m].

    Returns
    -------
    float
        EU DEMO re-attachment metric (PₛₑₚBₜ / q₉₅AR₀) [MW T /m].

    References
    ----------
    [1] M. Siccinio, G. Federici, R. Kembleton, H. Lux, F. Maviglia, and J. Morris,
    "Figure of merit for divertor protection in the preliminary design of the
    EU-DEMO reactor," Nuclear Fusion, vol. 59, no. 10, pp. 106026-106026,
    Jul. 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab3153.

    [2] H. Zohm et al.,
    "A stepladder approach to a tokamak fusion power plant,"
    Nuclear Fusion, vol. 57, no. 8, pp. 086002-086002, May 2017,
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aa739e.
    """
    return (p_plasma_separatrix_mw * b_plasma_toroidal_on_axis) / (
        q95 * aspect * rmajor
    )

calculate_radiation_fraction(p_plasma_rad_mw, p_plasma_heating_mw) staticmethod

Calculate the radiation fraction of the plasma.

Parameters:

Name Type Description Default
p_plasma_rad_mw float

Radiated power from plasma (MW).

 required
p_plasma_heating_mw float

Total plasma heating power (MW).

 required

Returns:

Type Description
float

Radiation fraction of the plasma.
Source code in process/models/physics/exhaust.py 
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@staticmethod
def calculate_radiation_fraction(
    p_plasma_rad_mw: float, p_plasma_heating_mw: float
) -> float:
    """
    Calculate the radiation fraction of the plasma.

    Parameters
    ----------
    p_plasma_rad_mw : float
        Radiated power from plasma (MW).
    p_plasma_heating_mw : float
        Total plasma heating power (MW).

    Returns
    -------
    float
        Radiation fraction of the plasma.
    """
    if p_plasma_heating_mw == 0:
        logger.warning(
            "Total plasma heating power is zero, "
            "cannot calculate radiation fraction."
        )
        return 0.0

    return p_plasma_rad_mw / p_plasma_heating_mw